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Oil-Type of Oil or Product Spilled
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ADIOS may use API (density), benzene fraction, metal content, asphaltene content, distillation cuts , viscosity , and emulsification properties in the model calculations. Some properties are not actually used in calculations but are displayed on the technical summary screen to provide additional information to the user. These include pour point and flash point.
Selecting a Standard Oil
You must choose an oil or oil product to run a spill scenario. Choose Standard Oils from the spill menu, or press the oils button, or click on the word 'oil' on the right side of the split screen. This will bring you to the Standard Oils window. You can sort this oil library list alphabetically by oil name, or by reference source for the data, API density, or oil pour point. Use the buttons at the top of the screen to specify your sorting criteria. The default sort choice is by oil name. You can use the scroll bars to scroll down the list or you can jump to another part of the list by typing in the first character of the oil name you are seeking.
To choose an oil, first highlight it and then hit the select button.
A short list of its properties will be listed on the summary screen. For more details on the oil you selected, click the Oil Info... button.
Adding an Oil or Product to the Custom Library
Choose Custom Oil from the Spill menu to select an oil, modify information about oils in ADIOS's oil library, or to add new oils to the library. The custom library allows you to add information about the physical properties for a specific oil. It is important to note that changes to the custom library that you make using ADIOS's Custom Oil menu item will be permanently saved.
In the custom library, the temperature data is entered as °C, and viscosity as either cSt or cP. If your data are not in these units, the unit converter can help.
ADIOS will allow you to enter the following information into the custom library:
6.0 <= API <= 1000.61 <= density (specific gravity) <= 1.03
0 < viscosity <= 1,00,000 cSt or cP
0 <= percent values evaporated <100
-20°C <= reference temperature <= 100°C
Oil Info...
To view the oil properties in the database, select the OilInfo... button at the bottom of the Standard Oils dialog box. You will then be able to access four separate cards: General Info, Properties, T-Dependent, Distillation and more properties. By selecting any of the cards, you will be able to view the oil properties for the selected oil.
NOAA's Selection Criteria for the ADIOS Standard Library
ADIOS 2 comes with a tab-delimited standard oil library file called OILLIB. This library file contains information on oil properties for over a thousand listings of crude oils and refined oil products. This library was assembled from several different sources. Major sources were the catalog of crude oil and oil product properties maintained by Environment Canada, the crude oil oil analysis data bank produced by the U.S. Department of Energy, and the Oil Companies European Organization for Environmental and Health Protection oil list. Also, many oil shipping and producing organizations provided NOAA/HAZMAT with oil characteristics data. The names of these latter reference sources are displayed in the ADIOS standard oil library window beside the name of the oil or oil product. Since we sometimes have information on the same oil from different sources, you may see the same oil name listed with different references in the standard library. For example, there are nine listings for Arabian Medium crude oil, with information from nine different sources.
The criteria for including a crude oil or refined products physical property data in the ADIOS oil library are determined by the need for the data pertaining to that particular product. New product data have been added to the library under the following circumstances. If no current record exists for the product, if the oil is involved in a spill to which NOAA/HAZMAT is responding to, or a oil producing, shipping, or refining company has requested that its product data be included.
The minimum dataset needed for inclusion of a crude oil in the ADIOS oil library is an API or density value and a viscosity measurement including the reference temperature and the units of measurement. For refined products, distillation information is also required.
How ADIOS uses Oil Property Data
The information stored in the oil properties library falls into two categories. The first category are oil properties that are not used in scenario calculations but are provided to the user as background data. These include such parameters as pour point, flash point, and adhesion properties. The other properties listed in the oil info... screens delineate the second category and may be used in ADIOS calculations depending upon the details of the chosen scenario. When available, ADIOS also uses other oil properties not shown on the oil info... screens. These include additional values for density and viscosity after the oil has been artificially weathered.
The minimum data that ADIOS requires to do a scenario calculation for a crude oil is an API and a viscosity at a given reference temperature. Additionally for refined products, some distillation cut data is required. For such minimum data situations, ADIOS will approximate other parameters based on comparisons with similar oils. The accuracy of the answers could be reduced in such circumstances.
To learn more how ADIOS uses oil property data, view Model Algorithms.
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BackLast updated November 7, 2000 Send comments to adiosmail@hazmat.noaa.gov